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Grammatical commodity in English

The () is a grammatical article in English, denoting persons or things already mentioned, nether discussion, unsaid or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. The is the most oftentimes used word in the English language; studies and analyses of texts have institute it to account for vii percent of all printed English-language words.^[one] Information technology is derived from gendered articles in Quondam English which combined in Middle English language and now has a unmarried form used with pronouns of whatsoever gender.^[a] The word can be used with both singular and plural nouns, and with a noun that starts with whatsoever letter. This is different from many other languages, which have different forms of the definite article for different genders or numbers.

Pronunciation

In most dialects, "the" is pronounced as /ðə/ (with the voiced dental fricative /ð/ followed past a schwa) when followed by a consonant audio, and as /ðiː/ (homophone of pronoun thee) when followed past a vowel audio or used as an emphatic grade.^[2]

Modern American and New Zealand English language have an increasing tendency to limit usage of /ðiː/ pronunciation and utilise /ðə/, even before a vowel.^{[iii] [4]}

Sometimes the word "the" is pronounced /ðiː/, with stress, to emphasise that something is unique: "he is the expert", not merely "an" expert in a field.

Adverbial

Definite article principles in English are described under "Use of manufactures". The, equally in phrases like "the more than the meliorate", has a singled-out origin and etymology and by run a risk has evolved to be identical to the definite article.^[5]

Article

The and that are common developments from the same Old English organisation. Onetime English had a definite article se (in the masculine gender), sēo (feminine), and þæt (neuter). In Eye English, these had all merged into þe, the ancestor of the Modern English give-and-take the.^[six]

Geographic usage

An expanse in which the use or non-use of the is sometimes problematic is with geographic names:

• notable natural landmarks – rivers, seas, mountain ranges, deserts, island groups (archipelagoes) and so on – are generally used with a "the" definite commodity (the Rhine, the North Bounding main, the Alps, the Sahara, the Hebrides).
• continents, private islands, administrative units and settlements mostly practise not have a "the" article (Europe, Jura, Austria (but the Commonwealth of Austria), Scandinavia, Yorkshire (but the Canton of York), Madrid).
• beginning with a common noun followed by of may take the commodity, as in the Isle of Wight or the Island of Portland (compare Christmas Island), same applies to names of institutions: Cambridge University, simply the University of Cambridge.
• Some identify names include an article, such as the Bronx, The Oaks, The Rock, The Birches, The Harrow, The Rower, The Swan, The Valley, The Farrington, The Quarter, The Plains, The Dalles, The Forks, The Hamlet, The Village (NJ), The Village (OK), The Villages, The Village at Castle Pines, The Woodlands, The Pas, the Vatican, The Hyde, the Westward End, the East End, The Hague, or the Metropolis of London (just London). Formerly e.one thousand. Bathroom, Devizes or White Plains.^[7]
• generally described singular names, the North Island (New Zealand) or the Westward Country (England), accept an article.

Countries and territorial regions are notably mixed, most exclude "the" but at that place are some that adhere to secondary rules:

• derivations from collective common nouns such as "kingdom", "republic", "spousal relationship", etc.: the Central African Republic, the Dominican Republic, the United States, the U.k., the Soviet Union, the United Arab Emirates, including most country full names:^{[8] [9]} the Czech republic (but Czechia), the Russian federation (just Russia), the Principality of Monaco (but Monaco), the Country of Israel (just Israel) and the Commonwealth of Commonwealth of australia (just Commonwealth of australia).^{[ten] [11] [12]}
• countries in a plural noun: the Netherlands, the Falkland Islands, the Faroe Islands, the Cayman Islands, the Philippines, the Comoros, the Maldives, the Seychelles, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and The Bahama islands.
• Atypical derivations from "isle" or "country" that concord administrative rights – Greenland, England, Christmas Island and Norfolk Isle – do non take a "the" definite commodity.
• derivations from mount ranges, rivers, deserts, etc., are sometimes used with an article, fifty-fifty for singular, (the Lebanese republic, the Sudan, the Yukon, the Congo).^[xiii] This usage is in turn down, The gambia remains recommended whereas utilise of the Argentine for Argentine republic is considered old-fashioned. Ukraine is occasionally referred to every bit the Ukraine, a usage that was common during the 20th century, but this is considered incorrect and mayhap offensive in modern usage.^[fourteen] Sudan (simply the Republic of the Sudan) and South Sudan (but the Republic of South Sudan) are written nowadays without the article.

Abbreviations

Since "the" is one of the about oft used words in English, at various times short abbreviations for it take been found:

• Barred thorn: the primeval abbreviation, information technology is used in manuscripts in the Quondam English language language. It is the letter þ with a assuming horizontal stroke through the ascender, and it represents the word þæt, pregnant "the" or "that" (neuter nom. / acc.).
• þͤ and þͭ (þ with a superscript eastward or t) appear in Middle English language manuscripts for "þe" and "þat" respectively.
• yͤ and yͭ are developed from þͤ and þͭ and appear in Early Modern manuscripts and in impress (encounter Ye course).

Occasional proposals have been made past individuals for an abbreviation. In 1916, Legros & Grant included in their archetype printers' handbook Typographical Printing-Surfaces, a proposal for a letter similar to Ħ to represent "Th", thus abbreviating "the" to ħe.^[15]

In Centre English, the (þe) was frequently abbreviated equally a þ with a pocket-size e above it, like to the abbreviation for that, which was a þ with a minor t to a higher place it. During the latter Middle English and Early Modern English periods, the letter thorn (þ) in its common script, or cursive course, came to resemble a y shape. As a effect, the apply of a y with an e above information technology () as an abbreviation became common. This can even so exist seen in reprints of the 1611 edition of the King James Version of the Bible in places such as Romans xv:29, or in the Mayflower Compact. Historically, the article was never pronounced with a y audio, fifty-fifty when so written.

The word "The" itself, capitalised, is used as an abbreviation in Commonwealth countries for the honorific championship "The Right Honourable", every bit in eastward.1000. "The Earl Mountbatten of Burma", short for "The Right Honourable Earl Mountbatten of Burma", or "The Prince Charles".^[16]

References

1. ^ Norvig, Peter. "English language Letter Frequency Counts: Mayzner Revisited".
2. ^ "the – definition". Merriam Webster Online Lexicon.
3. ^ Ladefoged, Peter; Johnson, Keith (2010). A Course in Phonetics (6th ed.). Boston: Wadsworth. p. 110.
4. ^ Hay, Jennifer (2008). New Zealand English . Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Printing. p. 44.
5. ^ "the, adv.1." OED Online. Oxford Academy Press, March 2016. Spider web. 11 March 2016.
6. ^ "The and That Etymologies". Online Etymology Dictionary . Retrieved 18 June 2015.
7. ^ "Why is it called The Hague?".
8. ^ "Countries: Designations and abbreviations to use".
9. ^ "FAO Country Profiles". www.fao.org.
10. ^ "Using 'the' with the Names of Countries".
11. ^ "List of Countries, Territories and Currencies".
12. ^ "UNGEGN Earth Geographical Names".
13. ^ Swan, Michael How English language Works, p. 25
14. ^ Ukraine or "the Ukraine"? by Andrew Gregorovich, infoukes.com
15. ^ "Missed Opportunity for Ligatures".
16. ^ 'The Prefix "The"'. In Titles and Forms of Address, 21st ed., pp. 8–9. A & C Black, London, 2002.

Notes

1. ^ masculine, feminine, or neuter.

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The

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